سلام. یکی از سوالاتی که در ردینگ میاد که آسون هم هست، سوالاتیه که میگه این جمله را در جای مناسب بچپانید
من در چند نمونه ردینگی که زدم، گاها با این سوال مشکل بر میخوردم، واسه همین 4 تاش را که واسم مشکل بود را یک جا کردم و اینجا میارم. حالا اگر کسی از دوستان تونست به من کمک کنه، ممنون میشم. سه سوال اول مربوط به سی دی لانگمن و سوال آخر مربوط به سی دی بارونز هستند. مرسی
1)
Look at the 4 squares that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.
This machine was name the Apple I.
1 Their first model, whichwas sold without a monitor, a keyboard, and a casing, sold for $666.2 It was the first single-board computer with abuilt-in video interface and with on-board read-only memory (ROM).3Orders for this machine, the Apple I, which weremostly from computer hobbyists because the Apple I required the user to have afair amount of technical knowledge (i.e., to wire and solder a keyboard andmonitor), quickly reached the unbelievably high level of 600.4
طبق نکاتی که در کتاب تامسون توضیح داده شده است، چون که در ابتدای جمله ی پیشنهادی از کلمه ی this machine استفاده شده است، باید جمله را در جایی بچپونیم که در مورد یک دستگاه حرف زده شده باشد. این شرایط در گزینه های دوم و سوم و چهارم وجود دارد و به نظر من هر 3 درست است اما لانگمن گفته که گزینه ی 2 درسته. حالا سوالم این است که چرا گزینه های 3 و 4 نادرست هستند؟
2) Look at the 4 squares that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.
This was a widely read work by Englishman Thomas Maltus.
Another event in Europe that helped to shape Jefferson's political vision was the publication in 1798 of "Essay on the Principle of Population."
1 This influential essay was a pessimistic warning of the effect of an imminent population explosion.
2 In the essay, the author warned that, because of the rapidly growing population, the food supply would soon be inadequate to feed the population, in England, throughout Europe, and even in America.
3 Many Americans were alarmed by the essay.
4 Jefferson, however, countered the alarm raised by the essay with the idea that the United States would always be able to feed its population if it developed a strong agrarian society as it expanded across the continent.
مثل همان توضیحات سوال قبلی باز هم میتونم بگم که به نظر من این جمله میتونه در تمام 4 محل پیشنهادی بیاد چون که در هر 4 محل، در جملات قبلش در مورد
یک مقاله حرف زده شده است و میشه این جمله را هر جا آورد اما در کتاب لانگمن تنها گزینه ی اول را درست معرفی کرده است. چرا بقیه ی جاها نادرست هستند؟
3) Look at the 4 squares that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.
To do so, they brought in a number of new employees.
1 In order to meet the increasing demand for the product, Jobs and Wozniak decided to expand their company. 2 Mike Makkula, who was named chairman of the company in May 1979, secured a financial base for the company by investing some of his own money, securing a line of credit from the Bank of America, and raising more than a half million dollars from venture capitalists. 3 The company's strategic plan was to attract outstanding personnel, to maintain a corporate culture that was conducive to innovation, to invest heavily in research and development to maintain technical leadership, to expand their market for initial computer purchases beyond computer hobbyists to new computer users, and to place an emphasis on the development and marketing of peripheral products to supplement initial computer purchases. 4
جمله ی پیشنهادی، از استخدام کارمندان جدید حرف زده و جمله ی قبلش باید در این مورد حرف زده باشد. لانگمن گزینه ی دوم را درست معرفی کرده است. اما به نظر من گزینه ی 4 هم میتونه درست باشه هر چند دومی هم درسته. چون که چهارمی هم در مورد استخدام کارمندان جدید حرف زده است. حالا چرا چهارمی غلطه؟
4) Look at the 4 squares that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.
This sum is an index of the amount of change-related stress the person has recently experienced.
Holmes and Rahe developed the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) to measure life change as a form of stress.
1 The scale assigns numerical values to 43 major life events that are supposed to reflect the magnitude of the readjustment required by each change. In responding to scale, respondents are asked to indicate how often they experienced any of these 43 events during a certain time period (typically, the past year). The person then adds up the numbers associated with each event checked.
2 The SRRS and similar scales have been used in thousands of studies by researchers all over the world.
3 Overall, these studies have shown that people with higher scores on the SRRS tend to be more vulnerable to many kinds of physical illness - and many types of psychological problems as well.
4 More recently, however, experts have criticized tis research, citing problems with the methods used and raising questions about the meaning of the findings.
واضح است که گزینه ی دوم درست است زیرا در جمله ی قبلی از add up the numbers حرف زده شده است. اما مشکل من این است که جمله ای که از add up the nubmers حرف زده است، در انتهای پاراگراف قبلی قرار دارد و گزینه ی دوم در ابتدای پاراگراف بعدی! خب این خیلی جور در نمیاد که شما در ابتدای پاراگراف بعدی، یه همچین جمله ای که با This sum شروع بشه را استفاده کنید؟ به نظر من این باعث میشه که پیوستگی متن از بین بره. (کتاب تامسون گفته بود که جمله ی پیشنهادی نباید پیوستگی متن را خراب کنه.) مگر نه این که پاراگراف ها تا حدودی از هم مستقل هستند؟ خب پس کجای ایرادی که من وارد کرده ام غلط است؟ (این تست از سی دی بارونز است.)
مرسی. دوستان لطفا کمک کنید در مورد این سوال، چون من این ایرادات را که دارم، گاها تکرار هم میشن و تست هایی مشابه همین را اشتباه میزنم
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