فرصت دکتری با فاند در دانشگاه لنکستر انگلستان-

[susighton]

دوره چهارساله دکتری در خصوص کمی سازی آثار آلودگی هوای شهرهای بزرگ بر تولید منطقه ای و امنیت غذایی -در مرکز محیط زیست دانشگاه لنکستر


http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/sci-tech/downloads/phd_371.pdf

دوستان توجه داشته باشید پروژه سالیانه ۱۴۰۰۰ پوند به دانشجو کمک میکند و از این نظر تفاوتی بین دانشجوهااز ملیت های مختلف نیست ولی تنها شهریه در حد دانشجوی اروپایی/انگیسی را پوشش میدهد یعنی اگر دانشجو بین المللی باشد بخش بزرگی - در حدود ۱۰۰۰۰ پوند- توسط دانشجو پرداخت میشود.
دوره ولی از نظر مالی قوی است و احتمال منابع دیگر درآمد از جمله تدریس کم نیست.

عنوان پروژه

Quantifying the impact of mega city air pollution on regional crop production and food security




The 2017 UN Food and Agriculture report highlights the risks to global food security as population and urbanisation rise. While the impacts of increasing CO2, temperature and incidence of drought on crop production have received considerable attention, the impacts of deteriorating air quality, which accompany urbanisation and industrialisation, have not. Surface ozone and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are directly toxic to plants, while particulate pollution reduces the levels of sunlight reaching crops. Exposure to these pollutants reduces crop yield and quality. Our recent statistical analysis showed that surface ozone across the USA cost 10% or 33 million tonnes of the country’s largest crop, maize. If such losses occur in a developed economy with strong emission controls, what impacts may be expected as pollutant levels rise in developing economies, many of which are also the most vulnerable areas of the globe in terms of food supply?
The interactions between the atmosphere and vegetation are complex and fascinating, but remain poorly understood. This project aims to provide this understanding, critical for developing appropriate regional policies, in 3 important agricultural areas in rapidly developing countries.
You will conduct an extensive analysis of crop yields, weather records and air quality monitoring data to determine how air pollution affects crop production under different climate and soil conditions. You will develop relationships to incorporate these effects in a specialised computer model of crop growth and development. You will apply this model to simulate the effects of air pollutants on crops growing downwind of 3 mega-cities (Beijing, Delhi and Lagos) and estimate how poor air quality in these cities reduces regional harvests of major crops both now and under future potential conditions. For the first time, you will be able to investigate how different air pollutants may combine to exacerbate the effects of each and to highlight the most vulnerable regions. The model you develop will be a cutting-edge tool that will enable you to explore possible mitigation strategies and aid policy interventions.
Lancaster University is a UK top 10 University with a worldwide network of individual and institutional partners. Lancaster Environment Centre is one of the largest centres of environmental research and teaching in Europe, bringing together leading environmental and social scientists to offer solutions-based research focusing on the world’s major environmental challenges. We are currently ranked 3rd in the UK for the real-world impact of our research. You will join dynamic research groups at Lancaster Environment Centre that are widely recognised as world-leading in the measurement and modelling of air quality,
climate and pollution, and understanding plant-environment interactions. Our plant and crop scientists have been at the forefront of the development of real-world solutions to Agri-food challenges. We have well-established relationships with leading international research institutions and you will have excellent opportunities to interact with world-leading researchers.
Who should apply?
Applicants should hold a minimum of a UK Honours degree at 2:1 level or equivalent in Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics, Natural or Environmental Science, or a related discipline. Enthusiasm, self-motivation, curiosity and the ability to communicate to a range of audiences would all be distinctly advantageous.
The small print
Studentship funding: This is a 4-year studentship funded by the Royal Society. Full studentships (UK/EU tuition fees and stipend (£14,553 2017/18 [tax free])) for UK/EU students for 4 years. Applications are welcome from International (non EU) students but applicants would be required to cover the shortfall in fees from another source.
Academic Requirements: First-class or 2.1 (Hons) degree, or Masters degree (or equivalent) in an appropriate subject.
Deadline for applications: 30 April 2018
Provisional Interview Date: TBC (mid to late May)
Start Date: October 2018
For further information or informal discussion about the position, please contact Dr Kirsti Ashworth: (k.s.ashworth1@lancaster.ac.uk).
Application process: Please upload a completed application form (download from http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/media/lan...tion-Form.docx) outlining your background and suitability for this project and a CV at LEC Postgraduate Research Applications, http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/lec/gradu.../apply-online/. Applications and CVs must be submitted as either word documents or pdf files, no other file types are accepted. Please note only applications submitted as per these instructions will be considered. Please do not email applications in as they will not be considered.
You also require two references, please send the reference form (download from http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/media/lan...ence_Form.docx), with your details completed, to your two referees and ask them to email it to Andy Harrod (gse@lancaster.ac.uk), Postgraduate Research (PGR) Co-ordinator, Lancaster Environment Centre by the deadline. References must be submitted as either word documents or pdf files, no other file types are accepted.
Due to the limited time between the closing date and the interview date, it is essential that you ensure references are submitted by the closing date or as soon as possible.
Please note if English is not your first language you will be required to provide evidence of your proficiency in English (see: http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/study/int...quirements-p2/). This evidence is only required if you are offered the funded position, it is not required as part of this application process.
Further reading (copies available on request)
McGrath, JM et al: An analysis of ozone damage to historical maize and soybean yields in the United States. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(46), 14390-14395, 2015.
Ainsworth, EA et al: The effects of tropospheric ozone on net primary productivity and implications for climate change. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 63, 636-661, 2012